In addition to Ossetes and Russians, the republic is populated by Ingush, Armenians, Georgians, and Ukrainians. info)) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). The local oil deposit reserves are estimated at 10 million metric tons. Президент Российской Федерации. Georgia and South Ossetia lie … There is also a large availability of construction materials, such as clay, sand, and gravel. Конституция.», в ред. Hydroelectric plants have been built on the Terek River at Vladikavkaz and on the Gizeldon River. It ranks first in terms of its telecom network installations in the Southern Federal District. Russian colonization began in the northern Ossetian area especially after the establishment of the fortress of Vladikavkaz in 1784. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/North-Ossetia-Alania, CRW Flags - Flag of North Ossetia, Russia. [18], Population: 712,980 (2010 Census);[12] 710,275 (2002 Census);[25] 634,009 (1989 Census).[26]. Omissions? Any contribution is greatly appreciated. Its population according to the 2010 Census was 712,980. Major companies located here include Elektrotsink, Gazoapparat, an instrument-making plant, Elektrokontraktor, a factory producing automotive electrical equipment, a large-panel construction complex, and companies in the food industry. As of 2008, the head of the republic is Taymuraz Mamsurov. There are deposits of limestone, dolomites, marble, and touchstone. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The highest executive body is the Republic's Government, which includes territorial executive bodies such as district administrations, committees, and commissions that facilitate development and run the day to day matters of the province. The Russian Revolution of 1917 resulted in North Ossetia being merged into the Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1921. Mount Kazbek is the highest point (5,033 m), with Mount Dzhimara being the second-highest (4,780 m). Alania greatly profited from the Silk Road which passed through its territory. «Республика Северная Осетия-Алания. Little is known about the Muslims of North Ossetia outside its borders. It lies in the middle of a mountain valley which stretches over 17 kilometers (10. Higher still are coniferous forests of spruce, fir, and pine, eventually giving way to alpine meadow and finally to bare rock and ice. The Russians' rule led to rapid development of industry and railways which overcame its isolation. [16] The Oblast administration supports the activities of the Governor who is the highest official and acts as guarantor of the observance of the krai Charter in accordance with the Constitution of Russia. The Parliament of North Ossetia–Alania is the republic's regional standing legislative (representative) body. The dissolution of the Soviet Union posed particular problems for the Ossetian people, who were divided between North Ossetia, which was part of the Russian SFSR, and South Ossetia, part of the Georgian SSR. Total population ± 600,000: Regions with significant populations Russia: 558,515 (in North Ossetia–Alania) 480,310 Russian influence in the area increased in the 18th century with the founding of a military outpost at Vladikavkaz. It then became the North Ossetian Autonomous Oblast on 7 July 1924, then merged into the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on 5 December 1936. Population: 712,980 (2010 Census); 710,275 (2002 Census); 634,009 (1989 Census). человек – Новости России – ИА REGNUM, "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia", "Ossetians in Georgia, with their backs to the mountains", "Regional government to quit over Beslan tragedy: president", Supreme Council of the Republic of North Ossetia, Official website of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, Official website of the Parliament of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North_Ossetia–Alania&oldid=1011253513, Regions of Europe with multiple official languages, Russian-speaking countries and territories, States and territories established in 1991, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles with Russian-language sources (ru), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Ossetian-language text, Articles needing additional references from November 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles prone to spam from November 2020, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Maximum north–south distance: 130 kilometers (81 mi), Maximum east–west distance: 120 kilometers (75 mi), This page was last edited on 9 March 2021, at 21:33. The territory of North Ossetia was first inhabited by Caucasian tribes. Updates? Экономические районы», в ред. By 1806, Ossetia was under complete Russian control. 20, ст. After the Middle Ages, the Mongols' and Tartars' repeated invasions decimated the population, now known as the Ossetians. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.[30]. The majority of the population of North Ossetia are Christians who belong to the Russian Orthodox Church, although there is also a Muslim minority who are of Ossetian speaking origin. Опубликован: Газета "Северная Осетия". The republic is located in the North Caucasus. Dargavs is located in the republic of North Ossetia in southern Russia. Закона №44-РЗ от 31 июля 2006 г «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Северная Осетия — Алания "О государственном гимне Республики Северная Осетия — Алания"». №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. The republic is also served by the Rostov-Baku railway. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. [24] Projects under a program for spa, resort, and tourism development have been successfully implemented in the mountainous part of the republic, according to the head of the regional government. As a result of the armed conflict between Georgia and South Ossetia in 1989-1992, a huge part of the Ossetian population in South Ossetia and in Georgia, became refugees, or forcibly displaced people. North Ossetia-Alania is a republic within the Russian Caucasus bordering Kabardino-Balkaria to the west, Stavropol Krai to the north, Chechnya and Ingushetia to the east. Historically, Ossetians have been concentrated in North Ossetia, until they were split between North and South Ossetia in 1922. By the 13th, most Ossetians were Eastern Orthodox Christians as a result of Georgian influence and missionary work. Ethnic Ossetians and Russians make up most of the population of North Ossetia. Conflicts between the Khanate of Crimea and the Ottoman Empire eventually pushed Ossetia into an alliance with Imperial Russia in the 18th century. North Ossetia provoked the predominantly Ingush population in the Prigorodny District, which sparked the Ossetian–Ingush conflict. 2 6,557 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. Much of … In terms of its infrastructure, North Ossetia–Alania ranks second in the Southern Federal District and 10th in the nation. The northern part of the republic is situated in the Stavropol Plain. Natural resources include minerals (copper, silver, zinc), timber, mineral waters, hydroelectric power, and untapped reserves of oil and gas. All statistics on refugees in North Ossetia and Ingushetia are disputed. Muslims constitute 4% of the population, and Protestants the 1%. The second-largest religion is Ossetian ethnic religion, generally called Uatsdin (Уацдин, "True Faith"), a Scythian religion organized into movements such as the Atsætæ Church, comprising 29% of the population. Pop. North Ossetia-Alania is a republic within the Russian Caucasus bordering Kabardino-Balkaria to the west, Stavropol Krai to the north, Chechnya and Ingushetia to the east, and Georgia to the south.. Cities []. Most of the Ingush have returned to Ingushia. The ethnicity and language are Ossetian (oh-SEH-tee-ahn). More recently, in March 2015, Akhmetkhanov claimed that … The population of North Ossetia is about 704,000 (2015), the area - … To the north is the ethnically identical North Ossetia-Alania region of Russia's North Caucasus. North Ossetian mineral waters are known for their unique qualities, as well as special mineral composition.[23][24]. The Republic of North Ossetia - Alania or simply North Ossetia is a federal subject of Russia located on the northern slope of the Greater Caucasus, part of the North Caucasian Federal District. Population Census 2002-10-09 Population Census 2010-10-14 Population Estimate 2020-01-01; Severnaja Osetija-Alanija [North Ossetia-Alania] Republic: Республика Северная Осетия-Алания: 710,275: 712,980: 696,837: Alagirskij Rajon [Alagirsky Raion] … On 23 March 1995, North Ossetia–Alania signed a power-sharing agreement with the federal government, granting it autonomy. A person of Ossetia (oh-SEH-tee-ah) is an Ossete (oh-SEET). Significant numbers were forced to resettle in North Ossetia, while the remainder dispersed The mountains are also a popular tourist destination. In 1993 South Ossetia approved a constitution that established the region as a republic. Agriculture is concentrated on the lower slopes and near Mozdok; the irrigated fields produce wheat, corn (maize), potatoes, hemp, and fruit. Конституционного Закона №5-РКЗ от 4 декабря 2013 г. According to a 2012 survey which interviewed 56,900 people,[31] 49% of the population of North Ossetia–Alania adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 10% declare to be unaffiliated Christian believers, 2% are either Orthodox Christian believers who do not belong to churches or members of non-Russian Orthodox bodies. North Ossetia is mountainous, with the Glavny (Main) Range reaching 15,682 feet (4,780 metres) at Mount Dzhimara and other peaks in the republic reaching more than 14,000 feet (4,250 metres). (2010) 712,877. Major rivers include: All of the mountains located on the territory of the republic are a part of the Caucasus. Corrections? In the last years of the Soviet Union, as nationalist movements swept throughout the Caucasus, many intellectuals in the North Ossetian ASSR called for the revival of the name of Alania, a medieval kingdom of the Alans. South Ossetia, officially part of Georgia, is separated from Russia's North Ossetia region by a border running high in the Caucasus Mountains. FIGURES. The country's arid north is home to people of mostly Hausa and Fulani descent, while the Yoruba people are concentrated in the southwest, the Ijaw people in the tropical south, and the Igbo people in the southeast. The population of all cities and urban settlements in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania … «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». The head of government in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania is the Head of the Republic. Please consider supporting this channel via Patreon, by accessing the link bellow. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. ABOUT RUSSIA / REGIONS / THE NORTH OSSETIA The North Ossetia. Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No. [22][23], North Ossetia's industry is mainly concentrated in Vladikavkaz. In the lowest areas there is steppe vegetation on fertile black soils, which give way higher up to dense deciduous forests of oak and beech. [17], In recent years, North Ossetia–Alania's economic development has been successful; the indicators of the republic's social and economic development between 2005 and 2007 revealed a stable growth of all sectors of the economy and major social parameters. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. Islam was introduced to the region in the 17th century by Kabardians. Gross regional product pro capita of the region in 2006 was 61,000 rubles ($2,596) and increased 30% in the 2005–2007 time period. Some 70,000 South Ossetian refugees were resettled in North Ossetia. [18], The regional government's economic priorities include industrial growth, development of small enterprise, spas, and resorts, and strengthening the budgetary and tax discipline. During the Soviet period, the high authority in the republic was shared between three people; the first secretary of the North Ossetia Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) Committee (who in reality had the biggest authority), the chairman of the oblast Soviet (legislative power), and the Chairman of the Republic Executive Committee (executive power). Верховный Совет Республики Северная Осетия. The severity of the temperature regime and the rainfall both increase with elevation. Prior to the 10th century, Ossetians were strictly pagan. «О государственном гимне Республики Северная Осетия — Алания», в ред. The Legislative Assembly exercises its authority by passing laws, resolutions, and other legal acts and by supervising the implementation and observance of the laws and other legal acts passed by it. [18] The republic has some of the most extensive telecommunication networks in the North Caucasus region and in Russia. Since 1991, CPSU lost all the power, and the head of the Republic administration, and eventually the governor was appointed/elected alongside elected regional parliament. The Charter of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania is the fundamental law of the region. It was eventually converted to Christianity by missionaries from Byzantium. The majority of the population of North Ossetia are Christians who belong to the Russian Orthodox Church, although there is also a Muslim minority who are of Ossetian-speaking origin. [16] This agreement would be abolished on 2 September 2002. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. Госстандарт Российской Федерации. The republic lies wholly in the basin of the upper Terek River and its fast-flowing tributaries, which emerge in the mountains and join before cutting through the Sunzha Range to the north in another deep gorge. The results of the conflict were that 7,000 Ossetians and 64,000 Ingush refugees had to flee their homes. In World War II, it was subject to a number of attacks by Nazi German invaders unsuccessfully trying to seize Vladikavkaz in 1942. Eastern Orthodox Christianity is the predominant religion, and Sunni Muslims make up a small but significant minority. Nigeria’s population is the largest in Africa and one of the most diverse, with over 250 ethnic groups. Ethnic Ossetians and Russians make up most of the population of North Ossetia. The North Ossetian ASSR declared itself the autonomous republic of the Soviet Union on 20 June 1990. [20] There are nearly 3,000 historical monuments in the Republic and more than half of its area is occupied by Alania National Park, the North Ossetia National Preserve, and game preserves. North Ossetia–Alania, also called North Ossetia, Russian Severnaya Osetiya–Alaniya, respublika (republic) in southwestern Russia, on the northern flank of the Greater Caucasus range. [12] Its capital is the city of Vladikavkaz. The city of Beslan, in northeastern North Ossetia, was the site of ethnic violence in 2004, when Chechen militants seized a school and some 1,200 hostages, mostly children; following an armed battle between the militants and Russian security forces, some 325 people were killed and about 700 were wounded. Area 3,100 square miles (8,000 square km). However, according to the assessments of experts (in particular, the Ossetian sociologists Timur Dzeranov and Olga Oleinikova), approximately 15 percent of the population of the republic is Muslim. info)) is a federal subject o Roushie (a republic).Its caipital is the ceety o Vladikavkaz.Its population accordin tae the 2010 Census wis 712,980. Ossetian is an Indo-European language, belonging to the East Iranian group. The majority of the population of North Ossetia are Christians who belong to the Russian Orthodox Church, although there is also a Muslim minority who are of Ossetian speaking origin. [19] From 2005 to 2007, the average monthly wage in North Ossetia–Alania doubled, with the actual cash earnings increased by 42.5 percent. The republic ranks fourth in Russia in terms of its paved roads, and its expanding transport and logistics complex provides communication networks between Russia and the South Caucasus, as well as Central Asia. In addition, 1% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious" and 3% to be atheist. In terms of the average monthly wage growth, the Republic ranks first in the North Caucasus. Construction began in the late 20th century on a new all-weather highway. Ossetes are of mixed Iranian-Caucasian origin; their language belongs to the Iranian group of the Indo-European family of languages. It is bordered on the south by Georgia and on the north by the Sunzha and Terek ranges. 6 miles) with 4,000 meter (13,000 feet) peaks looming above the village. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Climate, soils, and vegetation all vary sharply with the relief. North Ossetia – Alania: Official name Republic of North Ossetia – Alania Status Republic of Russia: Capital Дзæуджыхъæу (Vladikavkaz) Владикавказ: Population 699,253 inhabitants Area 8,000 km² Major languages Ossetian, Russian Major religions Russian Orthodoxy More information The most important facilities of higher education include North Caucasus State Technological University, North Ossetian State University, North Ossetian State Medical Academy, and Mountain State Agrarian University – all in Vladikavkaz. A three hour drive through dangerous and winding roads, the site sits on the slope of a hill overlooking the Fiagdon River. 22% of the republic's territory is covered by forests. Парламент Республики Северная Осетия — Алания. Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article 68.1 of the, Constitution of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, Article 15. [21], The most widespread resources are zinc- and lead-containing complex ores. Vladikavkaz is the capital city of the region. A northern panhandle of the republic extends over the Sunzha and Terek ranges to include part of the middle Terek Plain around Mozdok. Official website of the Head of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania. 2. Timber exploitation, particularly of beech forests, is important on both flanks of the Caucasus. According to the 2010 Census,[12] Ossetians make up 65.1% of the republic's population. The capital and largest city is Vladikavkaz. North Ossetia. North Ossetia provoked the predominantly Ingush population in the Prigorodny District, which sparked the Ossetian–Ingush conflict. [18] GRP pro capita in 2007 was 76,455 rubles. Indigenous pre-Christian and pre-Islamic practices exist alongside these and other faiths, and elements of traditional beliefs have been integrated into North Ossetian religious life. The complex includes two federal highways (Georgian Military Road connects Vladikavkaz with Transcaucasia) running across the Greater Caucasus Range, two customs checkpoints for cars, a developed railway network, Vladikavkaz international airport, and well-equipped transport terminals. This makes North Ossetia the only Russian republic whose constituent people group's native language is Indo-European. [18], The agricultural sector is varied and specializes in the cultivation of wheat, corn, and sunflowers; horticulture; viticulture; and cattle and sheep breeding. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. There are two official languages in North Ossetia: Russian, which is official in all Russian territory, and Ossetian. Industry in the republic is concentrated in Vladikavkaz and includes metallurgy and the manufacture of building materials, chemicals, and foodstuffs; lead, zinc, and dolomite are mined. Parallel to the Glavny crest range is a series of lower ranges through which the rivers have cut deep and picturesque gorges. ... War broke out in the South Ossetia region of Georgia, just over the border from North Ossetia… First-level administrative division of Russia, Natural resources, agriculture, and industry, Largest cities or towns in North Ossetia–Alania. In the early 1920s the territory was part of the short-lived Soviet Mountain Republic - made up of six districts including Chechnya and Ingushetia. The cartographic analysis showed a reduction of endogamy in the direction of west to east. Two major highways across the Caucasus pass through Ossetia—the Georgian and Ossetian military highways, which were built in the 19th century during the Russian conquest of the Caucasus. The term of "Alania" quickly became popular in Ossetian daily life through the names of various enterprises, a TV channel, political and civic organizations, publishing house, football team, etc. Том 1", The Politics of a Name: Between Consolidation and Separation in the Northern Caucasus, https://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/1996/Russia.htm, "Asymmetries in Russian Federation Bargaining", "The Rise and Fall of Power-Sharing Treaties Between Center and Regions in Post-Soviet Russia", "North Ossetia–Alania: social and economic indicators looking up", Валовой региональный продукт на душу населения, "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек", "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров", В 2008 году естественный прирост населения Северной Осетии составил более 2 тыс.